This paper discusses the use of spatial data for risk and natural disaster management. Gis technologies is much useful in modeling of disaster risks and human adaptations to hazards. Impact of natural disasters on life, property and ability to predict them would be one of the main contributions of remote sensing technology. Utilization of remote sensing and gis in managing disasters. This chapter offers further explanation of several aspects of gis.
Thus, beyond the books primary audience, it has been designed to inform, enlighten, advocate for, and raise awareness of gis for disaster management with working disaster management professionals, disaster management policy makers, and academic disaster management researchers with little to no understanding of gis. Use of remote sensing and gis for sustainable land. Pdf use of remote sensing and gis in disaster management. Remote sensing and geographical information system gis.
Through advanced wireless technologies and webbased gis applications, disaster management by governments and other agencies is being revolutionized and is enhancing the coordination of response efforts as well as planning for disaster risk reduction. Remote sensing and gis applications in flood management. Disaster management using remote sensing and gis 1. Advancements in the remote sensing technology and the geographic information systems help in real time monitoring, early warning and quick damage assessment of both drought and flood disasters. In india, the remote sensing technology along with geographic information system gis is widely being used for more than two decades for inventorying, mapping and monitoring of earth resources, and for mitigation and management of natural disasters. Application of remote sensing and gis for flood hazard. Dec 12, 20 remote sensing the science of acquiring information about the earth using remote instruments, such as satellites is inherently useful for disaster management. Information technology for disaster management tulsi vyas. Nowadays the field of remote sensing and gis has become exciting and glamorous with rapidly expanding opportunities.
It is a natural or humancaused event which causes intense negative impacts on people, goods, services andor the environment, exceeding the affected communitys capability to respond. Disaster management using remote sensing technology. The time is ripe for engaging developing country researchers and policymakers in remote sensing for disaster management. Susan cutter, a geography professor at the university of south carolina, discusses the use of gis in emergency management and the why of the where when. Study of disaster mitigation for car nicobar island using. Using a handson approach grounded in relevant gis and disaster management theory. Gis technology for disasters and emergency management j8474 may 2000 2 natural disastersnatural disasters include those unplanned events that occur as a result of natural processes such as earthquakes, tornadoes, tsunami, freezes, blizzards. In this context, satellite remote sensing, along with geographic information systems gis, has become a key tool in flood risk management analysis. Use of gis and rs technology in disaster management. Use of remote sensing and gis for sustainable land management. Gis and remote sensing in urban disaster management.
There are mainly applications we can use to manage disasters. Predisaster phase prevention or mitigation is not at all possible for most of the disasters. With the help of remote sensing devices such as satellite images and aerial photographs, it is easy to define the area affected by the disruption. Remote sensing systems have been playing a great role in disaster management in such areas as flooding, cyclones, drought, earthquake and tsunami. Space and air based observations of earth provide a unique vantage point for monitoring and assessing the floods and other disasters.
Gis technology for disasters and emergency management j8474 may 2000 2 natural disastersnatural disasters include those unplanned events that occur as a result of natural processes such as earthquakes, tornadoes, tsunami, freezes, blizzards, extreme heat or cold, drought, or insect infestation. Applications of geographical information systems and remote sensing in natural disaster hazard assessment and mitigation in taiwan. Satellite remote sensing is largely adopted due to its cost effectiveness, short temporal orbiting and large area of coverage. In this lecture the use of remote sensing and gis and the global scenario for. Study of disaster mitigation for car nicobar island using remote sensing and gis swapan kumar biswas, n. India is one among the most natural disaster prone regions of the world and which causes losses of property, infrastructure and human life every year. It is also provides decision support system in disaster management. Remote sensing and gis in flood warning, mitigation and management advancements in the remote sensing technology and the geographic information systems gis help in real time.
This article coins the term gi science as a combination of gps, gis, remote sensing and spatial analysis working cohesively to. Venkatesan abstract during the past five decades, natural hazards such as floods, earthquakes, severe storms and tropical cyclones, droughts, wild land fires. Remote sensing and geographical information system gis dr. Be it modeling through early warning systems or using decision support systems to understand which. The enormous capabilities of remote sensing can be put to use right from the stage of preparedness, planning and mitigation to post disaster relief and recovery. Disaster management using remote sensing technology skymap.
Geographic information systems gis for disaster management. Assuming no prior knowledge in gis andor disaster management, geographic information systems gis for disaster management guides readers through the basics of gis as it applies to disaster management practice. Disasters are an uncertain and unavoidable event in nature, which affect adversely social, economic, environmental and humanitarian sectors. Associate professor, aditi mahavidyalaya, university of delhi.
Search and rescue teams used gps, geographic information system gis, and remote sensing technology to create maps of the disaster areas for rescue and aid operations, as well as to assess damage. The main objective of the study is to identify a significant pattern of a certain disaster over time using remote sensing rs and geographic information system gis applications to understand its nature which will help to solve complex planning and management problem and decision making. Satellite remote sensing as a tool in disaster management and. The importance of remotesensing rs, geographic information system gis and global navigation satellite system gnss data is stressed by comparing studies of the use of these technologies for natural disaster management. Flood control and disaster mitigation is a fundamental task for sustainable development of society and economy. Satellites offer accurate, frequent and almost instantaneous data over large areas anywhere in the world. Sikkim himalaya in the eastern ihr also experiences the.
Use of remote sensing and gis for sustainable land management andrew k skidmore1, wietske bijker1, karin schmidt1 and lalit kumar2 302 abstract remote sensing provides the basic data to undertake inventory of land, as well as the temporal information required to monitor sustainable land management practices. The role of remote sensing in disaster management presented by john zuzek nasa headquarters remote sensing workshop 2021 march 2006 the rising cost of natural. Geographic information system has been applied successfully to large variety of fields, one field of particular interest is the field of disaster mitigation. Gis and rs much beneficial in mitigation strategies and preparedness plans. Remote sensing satellites remote sensing activities in india was initiated using aerial photography in early 1970s and graduated to satellite remote sensing with the experimental remote sensing satellites bhaskara 1 and. This special issue is a collection of papers studying the use of remote sensing data and methods for flood monitoring and management. Assessment of role of gis for natural disaster management. Dharanirajan department of disaster management, pondcherry university, broorkshabad, port blair 744112, andaman abstract. Principles, techniques, applications, and managements. Encyclopedia of information science and technology, third edition. A disaster is a situation in which the community is incapable of coping.
Chen department of civil engineering, chienkuo technology university, chunghwa 500, taiwan received 21 december 2010. The island of taiwan is well known for the typhoons and earthquakes which in recent past has claimed lives and caused significant damage. The main objective of the study is to identify a significant pattern of a certain disaster over time using. This paper illustrates the application of remote sensing and geographic information system to flood monitoring and assessment before.
Satellite remote sensing as a tool in disaster management. The use of satellite remote sensing for flood risk management. Pdf use of remote sensing and gis in disaster management in. Applications of geographical information systems and.
Gis and remote sensing in environmental risk assessment and. Remote sensing and gis can be a very useful tool to complement conventional methods involved in disaster management mitigation of natural disaster management can be successful only when detailed knowledge is obtained about the expected frequency, character, and magnitude of hazard events in an area 1 2. Gis and remote sensing in environmental risk assessment and management. National aeronautics and space administration applied remote sensing training program 5 course objectives participants will become aware of available nasa resources for disaster management participants will learn to access remote sensing observations for local disaster events geogateway interface showing napa earthquake interferogram with. Use of remote sensing and gis in disaster management in gangtok area, sikkim article pdf available january 2010 with 3,220 reads how we measure reads. Various departments and agencies who are stakeholders using gis in the disaster management process. Anticipating damage to critical facilities damage to main roads, hospitals etc. Pdf remote sensing and gis applications in flood management. The changing trends have opened up a large number of scientific and technological resources and skills to reduce disaster risk. Application of gps to disaster management information. Gis is useful for hazard zone mapping and during emergency conditions mitigation of people can easily possible using this maps. As compared to manual maps, which are very tedious and inefficient, remote sensing is very effective as these maps can be prepared, digitised and then stored on computers using tailormade gis software. Remote sensing the science of acquiring information about the earth using remote instruments, such as satellites is inherently useful for disaster management.
Predisaster applications are associated with mitigation and preparedness efforts. Various disasters like earthquakes, landslides, floods, fires, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions and cyclones are natural hazards that kill lots of people and destroy property and infrastructures every year. One of the emerging applications of remote sensing is managing disasters timely and efficiently. Hence, location intelligence plays a critical role in disaster management. Real time geographic data can improve the allocation of resources for response. Techniques of remote sensing and gis for flood monitoring. Examples of flood forecasting and flood mapping presented in this report illustrate the capability of remote sensing and gis. Disaster management disaster management before the event after the event prevention preparedness relief rehabilitation prevention. This paper describes application of remote sensing rs and geographical information systems gis in identifying flood hazard zones and flood shelters and are. Disasters are spatial in nature as they strike at a specific location and influence a particular area.
Remote sensing and gis for natural hazards assessment and disaster risk management. An analysis of geospatial technologies for risk and natural. As new remote sensing data and geographic information system gis technology becomes available, it is increasingly possible to develop and provide effective products, services, and tools to the. An analysis of geospatial technologies for risk and. Gis technology for disasters and emergency management white paper. Another important area of disaster relief is in the management of wildfires. Susan cutter, a geography professor at the university of south carolina, discusses the use of gis in emergency management and the why of.
Many organizations spend large amounts of money on these fields. Remote sensing and gis can be a very useful tool to complement conventional methods involved in disaster management mitigation of natural disaster management can be successful only when detailed knowledge is obtained about the expected frequency, character. Ppt the role of remote sensing in disaster management. Gis technology for disasters and emergency management. Click download or read online button to get basics of remote sensing and gis book now. Geographic information system gis and remote sensing rs are very useful and effective tools in disaster management. In long disaster management using gis most of the natural and manmade disaster. However, flood phenomenon has been emphasized upon in this study with more detailed account of remote sensing and gis geographic information systems applicability. Applications of geographical information systems and remote sensing in natural disaster hazard assessment and mitigation in taiwan hew c. Basics of remote sensing and gis download ebook pdf.
Remotesensing techniques and gis and gnss tools are frequently used in applications for disaster management in pre and postdisaster activities. Nov 23, 2014 disaster management using remote sensing and gis 1. Remote sensing for supporting various aspects of flood risk management was investigated in the present thesis. Indian himalayan region ihr faces complexity of landslide hazards of unreliable magnitudes above its different regions as one of the major natural hazards.
A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Disaster mitigation disaster preparedness activities intended to be prepared, once a disaster event is going to happen preparation of disaster plan coordination of emergency services. Geographic information systems giss provide a powerful tool in managing and analysing spatial data. Evolution of computer technology and availability of hardware is helpful for rapid expansion of gis in both disaster research and practice. Gis coupled with remote sensing provides a basic framework that helps in all the stages of disaster management starting from preparedness, to response and recovery. Landslide and its mitigation for disaster management using remote sensing and gis techniquea case study of gangtok area, east sikkim. In this paper, techniques for mapping flood extent and assessing flood damages have been developed which can be served as a guideline for remote sensing rs and geographical information system gis operations to improve the efficiency of flood disaster monitoring and management. It is highly imperative to develop effective tools for disaster management. Techniques of remote sensing and gis for flood monitoring and. Floods are one of the most common hazards in the world, affecting peoples lives and livelihoods. Flood hazard mapping and flood shelters suitability analysis are vital elements in appropriate land use planning for floodprone areas. Remote sensing and gis for natural hazards assessment and. The use of remote sensing is becoming indispensable in environmental studies.